The microwave pyrolysis furnace uses microwave energy to directly act on polar molecules (such as water, organic compounds, etc.) inside the material, generates heat energy through molecular friction, and achieves rapid heating and high-efficiency pyrolysis. Its core components include: microwave generator, which provides high-frequency electromagnetic waves (such as 2450 MHz), and the energy can be infinitely adjusted. The reaction cavity often uses high-temperature resistant materials (such as silicon carbide and aluminum oxide) to withstand high temperatures and reduce energy reflection. Pyrolysis absorber: For example, silicon carbide castings maximize microwave energy absorption by optimizing the geometric structure and convert it into uniform heat.
Application field:
Biomass conversion: Pyrolysis of agricultural waste (such as horse manure and straw) into hydrogen-rich gas (containing H₂, CO, CH₄).
Material preparation: Used to synthesize new materials such as graphene aerogel, microwave high-temperature arc can reach more than 1000℃, promoting the structural reorganization of carbon-based materials.
Industrial processing: high-temperature processes such as glass annealing, metal sintering, and sample ashing.
Technical advantages:
High efficiency and energy saving: Compared with traditional furnace heating, microwave heating is faster (increased by more than 33%) and consumes less energy.
Selective heating: It preferentially acts on materials with high dielectric loss, reduces overall thermal inertia, and is suitable for the treatment of complex mixtures.
Environmental protection: Reduces exhaust gas emissions, and some designs combine vacuum or inert gas environments to inhibit side reactions.
Research cases:
Optimization of biomass pyrolysis: By adjusting the reaction temperature (such as 500–1000°C) and the catalyst ratio, the hydrogen yield is maximized, and the process feasibility is evaluated from multiple dimensions of energy, economy, and environment.
